The largest canyon in the solar system, a broad band crossing the disc of Mars. This huge valley called Valles Marineris , has a length of more than 4,000 kilometers , its width reaches 200 kilometers, and the depth of - 7 km.
For comparison, the Earth's Grand Canyon in Arizona, USA has a length of 800 kilometers, 30 kilometers wide and the depth of 1.8 kilometer
Grand Canyon in Arizona, USA
The origin of Valles Marineris remains unknown, although the most likely hypothesis is that it was formed as a crack billions of years ago when the planet cooled.
Recently it was discovered that the canyon continues some geological processes.
The network of canyons is divided into several areas. At the west end area is called the Labyrinth of Night, to the east - and Io Teton Canyon, followed by Milas and Ophir, another east - Koprat, Ganges, Eos and Capri, then start the destroyed areas of relief, called the chaos that end in the plain of Chryse.
And if the Martian canyon place in the U.S., it will extend throughout the state, from the Atlantic to the Pacific.
Valles Marineris is so extended, that when one of its ends the night, the other end is still illuminated by the light of day. As a result, there is a difference in temperature, and as a result of strong winds blowing throughout the canyon.
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